Class 11 Chemistry simulations · Thermodynamics

Gibbs energy and spontaneity

Set ΔH and ΔS for a reaction and change the temperature to see when it becomes spontaneous.

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What to notice

When ΔH and ΔS have the same sign, temperature decides spontaneity.

Key relation

ΔG = ΔH − TΔS ; spontaneous if ΔG < 0 ; crossover T = ΔH/ΔS

Try this

Melting of ice: ΔH = +6.0 kJ/mol, ΔS = +22 J/(K·mol). Where is the crossover temperature?

What you can change

• ΔH: -100 to 100 kJ/mol
• ΔS: -200 to 200 J/(K·mol)
• Temperature: 100 to 600 K

More in Thermodynamics

• Hess’s law: two routes to CO₂

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