All simulations · Class 12 · Chemistry

Class 12 Chemistry simulations

24 free interactive Class 12 Chemistry simulations covering 10 NCERT chapters, including Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids, Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers, Amines. Change the variables, watch the result, and learn for school exams, JEE Main and NEET.

Open the Physica lab

Aldehydes, Ketones and Carboxylic Acids (2 simulations)

• Strength of carboxylic acids — Compare the pKₐ of carboxylic acids and see how electron-withdrawing groups make them stronger.
• Nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl group — Watch CN⁻ attack the carbonyl carbon and compare how reactive methanal, ethanal and propanone are.

Alcohols, Phenols and Ethers (2 simulations)

• Hydrogen bonding and boiling points of alcohols — Compare the boiling points of alcohols with alkanes of similar molecular mass and see the hydrogen bonds.
• Acidity of phenols — Compare the pKₐ of ethanol, phenol and substituted phenols.

Amines (2 simulations)

• Basic strength of amines — Compare the pK_b of ammonia, aliphatic amines and aniline in water.
• Hinsberg test for amines — Treat a primary, secondary or tertiary amine with benzenesulphonyl chloride and then with KOH.

Chemical Kinetics (3 simulations)

• Arrhenius equation and activation energy — Change the temperature and activation energy and see how many molecules have enough energy to react.
• How a catalyst speeds up a reaction — Add a catalyst that lowers the activation energy and compare the rates at the same temperature.
• Order of reaction and half-life — Compare how the concentration of a reactant falls for zero-, first- and second-order reactions.

Haloalkanes and Haloarenes (2 simulations)

• Chirality and enantiomers — Compare a chiral molecule with its mirror image and try to superimpose them.
• SN2 and SN1 substitution — Watch OH⁻ attack a bromoalkane from the back (SN2) and compare relative rates for methyl to tertiary…

Solutions (4 simulations)

• Colligative properties: boiling and freezing point — Dissolve a solute in 1 kg of water and see the boiling point rise and the freezing point fall.
• Henry’s law: gas dissolved in a liquid — Raise the partial pressure of a gas above water and see how much dissolves.
• Osmosis and osmotic pressure — Separate a solution from pure water by a semipermeable membrane and find the pressure that stops osmosis.
• Raoult’s law: vapour pressure of a mixture — Mix benzene and toluene and see how the total and partial vapour pressures depend on the mole fraction.

Coordination Compounds (2 simulations)

• Crystal field splitting in octahedral complexes — Set the d-electron count and the splitting Δₒ compared with the pairing energy P to get high- or low-spin…
• Geometrical isomers of complexes — Compare cis and trans [Co(NH₃)₄Cl₂]⁺ and fac and mer [Co(NH₃)₃Cl₃].

Electrochemistry (3 simulations)

• Daniell cell and the Nernst equation — Change the concentrations of Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺ and read the cell voltage.
• Electrolysis and Faraday’s laws — Pass a current through a solution and calculate the mass of metal deposited at the cathode.
• Molar conductivity: strong vs weak electrolytes — Change the concentration and compare how the molar conductivity of KCl and acetic acid changes.

Biomolecules (2 simulations)

• Glucose: ring forms and mutarotation — Dissolve pure α- or β-D-glucose and watch the optical rotation change until the two forms reach equilibrium.
• Amino acids as zwitterions — Change the pH and see how the charge on glycine changes; find its isoelectric point.

The d- and f-Block Elements (2 simulations)

• Lanthanoid contraction — Step across the lanthanoids and see the steady decrease in the size of Ln³⁺ ions.
• Colour and magnetism of 3d ions — Choose a 3d transition-metal ion and see its colour in water, its d-electron count and spin-only magnetic…